Dry matter accumulation, yield, and nutritional quality of forage of corn hybrids harvested at different days after sowing

Authors

  • Diego Eduardo Ramírez Gutiérrez Centro Universitario de los Altos - Universidad de Guadalajara
  • José Jesús Olmos Colmenero Centro Universitario de los Altos - Universidad de Guadalajara
  • Alfonso Peña Ramos Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias
  • Juan Isidro Sánchez Duarte Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias
  • Ernesto Medina Núñez Escuela Nacional de Lechería Sustentable SPR de RL
  • Siliviano Gallardo Ramírez Proteína Animal S.A. de C.V.
  • Omar Ivan Santana Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v15i2.6554

Keywords:

Starch, Corn silage, Dairy cow

Abstract

The objective was to evaluate the dry matter (DM) accumulation by component, yield, and nutritional composition of forage of four corn hybrids harvested at 121, 128, 135 and 142 d after sowing. In each harvest, five plants were randomly taken and separated into their components (stem, leaves, grain, cob, bracts, and tassel) and DM was determined; chemical composition and in-situ digestibility were analyzed in a composite sample of a whole plant. The accumulation of grain in the total DM increased from 35.8 to 43.9 % from 121 to 142 d to harvest, respectively, and diluted the other components, especially the proportion of stem and leaves, which decreased inversely proportional to the accumulation of grain. Total DM content differed between hybrids, from 3.8 and up to 8.3 percentage units on the same days to harvest. Nonetheless, the hybrid did not affect DM yield or grain production, increasing by 2.1 and 1.4 t ha-1 between harvests, respectively. NDF content decreased and starch increased (both linearly), affecting net energy for lactation, which increased from 1.49 to 1.56 Mcal kg-1 from 121 to 142 d to harvest, respectively. The interaction between days to harvest and hybrid affected starch content, which was 5.2 units higher in a hybrid with similar NFC and NDF content than its counterparts. DM, NDF and starch digestibilities were affected by the hybrid, but not by the days to harvest.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Reta SDG, Figueroa VU, Serrato CJS, Quiroga GHM, Gaytán MA, Cueto WJA. Potencial forrajero y productividad del agua en patrones de cultivos alternativos. Rev Mex Cienc Pecu 2015;6(2):153-170.

Santana OI. Impact of forage source and level in intensive dairy systems: whole-farm nutrient balance, lactation performance, and feeding behavior [doctoral thesis]. Madison, Wisconsin, USA: University of Wisconsin-Madison; 2018.

Akins MS, Shaver RD. Influence of corn silage hybrid type on lactation performance by Holstein dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2014;(97):7811-7820.

SIAP. Sistema de Información Agroalimentaria y Pesquera. Producción Agrícola y Ganadera. México. Consultado 15 Feb, 2023.

Martínez-García CD, Rayas-Amor AA, García-Martínez A, Estrada-Flores JG, Arriaga-Jordan CM. Small-scale dairy producers’ intention to use corn silage and the role of socioeconomic and socio-psychological factors in decision making. Trop SubTrop Agroecosyst 2021;(24):1-16.

Ferrareto LF, Shaver RD, Luck BD. Silage review: Recent advances and future technologies for whole-plant and fractioned corn silage harvesting. J Dairy Sci 2018;(101):3937-3951.

Martin NP, Ruselle MP, Powell JM, Sniffen CJ, Smith SI, Tricarico JM, Grant RJ. Invited review: Sustainable forage and grain crop production for the US dairy industry. J Dairy Sci 2017;(100):9479-9494.

Bal MA, Shaver RD, Joveile HA, Coors JG, Lauer JG. Corn silage hybrid effects on intake, digestion, and milk production by dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2000;(83):2849-2858.

Hatew B, Bannink A, van Laar H, de Jonge LH, Dijkstra J. Increasing harvest maturity of whole-plant corn silage reduces methane emission of lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2016;(99):354-368.

Hall MB. Determination of dietary starch in animal feeds and pet food by an enzymatic-colorimetric method: collaborative study. J AOAC Intl 2015;98(2):397-409.

Arriola KG, Kim SC, Huisden CM, Adesogan AT. Stay-green ranking and maturity of corn hybrids: 1. Effects on dry matter yield, nutritional value, fermentation characteristics, and aerobic stability of silage hybrids in Florida. J Dairy Sci 2012; (95):964-974.

Amador AL, Boshcini CF. Fenología productiva y nutricional de maíz para la producción de forraje [nota técnica]. Agronomía Mesoam 2000;11(1):171-177.

The Ohio State University – Agronomic Crops Network. Corn silage harvest timing [newsletter] Columbus, Ohio, USA 2020. https://agcrops.osu.edu/newsletter/corn-newsletter/2020-28/corn-silage-harvest-timing.

Santana OI, Sánchez-Duarte JI, Granados NJA, Peña RA, Ochoa ME. Rendimiento, composición química y cinética de degradación ruminal del forraje de híbridos de maíz cultivados en dos ambientes agroclimáticos [resumen]. Reunión nacional de investigación pecuaria. Ciudad de México. 2021:230-232. http://reunionescientificas2021.inifap.gob.mx/.

Bernard JK, West JW, Trammell DS, Cross GH. Influence of corn variety and cutting height on nutritive value of silage fed to lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2004; (87):2172-2176.

Der Bedrosian MC, Nestor KE, Kung L Jr. The effects of hybrid, maturity, and length of storage on the composition and nutritive value of corn silage. J Dairy Sci 2012; (95):5115-5126.

Kosgey JR, Moot D, Fletcher AL, McKenzie BA. Dry matter accumulation and post-silking N economy of ‘stay-green’ maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids. European J Agron 2013;51(10):43-52.

Ferrareto LF, Shaver RD. Effects of whole-plant corn silage hybrid type on intake, digestion, ruminal fermentation, and lactation performance by dairy cows through a meta-analysis. J Dairy Sci 2015;(98):2662-2675.

Bender RW, Cook DE, Combs DK. Comparison of in situ versus in vitro methods of fiber digestion at 120 and 288 hours to quantify the indigestible neutral detergent fiber fraction of corn silage samples. J Dairy Sci 2016;(99):5394-5400.

Weiss WP, Wyatt DJ. Effect of corn silage hybrid and metabolizable protein supply on nitrogen metabolism of lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2006;(89):1644-1653.

González CF, Peña RA, Núñez HG, Jiménez GCA. Efecto de la densidad y altura de corte en el rendimiento y calidad del forraje de maíz. Rev Fitotec Mex 2005;28(4):393-397.

Santana OI, Peña RA, Sánchez-Duarte JI, Reyes-González A. Effects of tillage system and cutting height at harvest on dry matter yield, chemical composition, and digestibility of forage maize. J Dairy Sci 2021;(104):246-247.

Philippeau C, Michalet-Doreau B. Influence of genotype and ensiling of corn grain on in situ degradation of starch in the rumen. J Dairy Sci 1998;(81):2178-2184.

Downloads

Published

2024-04-23

How to Cite

Ramírez Gutiérrez, D. E., Olmos Colmenero, J. J., Peña Ramos, A., Sánchez Duarte, J. I., Medina Núñez, E., Gallardo Ramírez, S., & Santana, O. I. (2024). Dry matter accumulation, yield, and nutritional quality of forage of corn hybrids harvested at different days after sowing. Revista Mexicana De Ciencias Pecuarias, 15(2), 287–301. https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v15i2.6554
Metrics
Views/Downloads
  • Abstract
    600
  • PDF (Español)
    192
  • PDF
    31
  • Texto completo (Español)
    34
  • Full text
    12

Issue

Vol. 15 No. 2 (2024): April-June

Section

Articles

License

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Metrics

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.

Most read articles by the same author(s)