Análisis de QTL asociados a polimorfismos de nucleótido único (SNP) involucrados en el fenotipo lechero del ganado Holstein
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v11i4.5295Palabras clave:
QTL, SNP, HolsteinResumen
El objetivo fue identificar QTL asociados a polimorfismos de nucleótido único (SNP) cuya acción contribuya al desarrollo fenotípico productivo, reproductivo y de salud del ganado lechero de raza Holstein. Ubicados en 120 genes del genoma Bos taurus UMD_3.1.1, se identificaron 341 QTL asociados a 189 SNP con efectos sobre rasgos productivos (FY, NM, MY, MTCAS, MBLF y PL), reproductivos (CONCRATE, DPR, EMBSUR, DAYOPEN y CONCEPT) y de salud (SCC, BTBS y RESRATE). Los SNP fueron verificados en la base de datos dbSNP-NCBI donde 42 % se ubicaron en intrones. Con la plataforma Jvenn se supo que los SNP rs135744058, rs110828053 y rs109503725, fueron comunes en los tres rasgos. La red de correlaciones entre rasgos y genes generada por MetScape (Cytoscape 3.4), mostró una correlación positiva entre PL, DPR, DAYOPEN, CONCRATE y CONCEPT; y una negativa de FY hacia PL, NM, DPR y CONCRATE. La funcionalidad de cada gen fue validada en las bases Gene-NCBI y UniProt, y por ClueGo (Cytoscape 3.4) se seleccionaron vías funcionales con un valor de significancia menor a 0.05, lo que evidenció un entrelazamiento entre el desarrollo de la glándula mamaria, la activación del sistema inmune y la respuesta a hormonas esteroideas; siendo el gen GH quien dirige dicha funcionalidad. Aunque el panorama genético muestra que existe un antagonismo entre rasgos productivos y reproductivos, la actividad genética funcional debido a los 189 SNP analizados, muestra una acción entrelazada en vías ontológicas que influyen tanto en los procesos de producción, así como en vías de reproductivas y de salud.
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