Epidemiological aspects of Cystoisospora suis in swine herds located at the Central region of Venezuela
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v9i2.4478Keywords:
Cystoisospora suis, Epidemiology, Herds, Swine.Abstract
It was carried out an investigation during 2016 with the aim to study epidemiological aspects of Cystoisospora suis infections. Sixty-seven (67) intensive swine herds with a history of neonatal diarrhea were included. Overall, 572 litters and 1,712 fecal samples in mature pigs were examined. A written epidemiological survey was applied on all farms. Fecal samples were cultured in 2.5% potassium dichromate and analyzed with a copro-parasitological technique. C. suis was found in 55/67 herds (82.1 %) and 210 litters (36.7 %) with highest prevalence in the first 2 wk of age (P<0.05). Regarding mature pigs, a significant correlation was found (rho= 0.35; P<0.05) between infection in piglets and sows, suggesting that mothers sows could act as infection sources. Statistical associations were determined among parity number and frequency values in litters and sows (P<0.05), indicating that as parity increase, prevalence decrease. Probably these findings are associated with unknown immunologic mechanisms. Infection in litters less than 3 d of age, presupposes the existence of some alternative infection route. It is concluded that C. suis is broadly distributed at the central region of Venezuela and it could be controlled by improving the sanitary conditions of the herds; however, immunologic mechanisms might be involved in the protozoa transmission cycle which remain yet to be determined.
Downloads
References
Lindsay D, Dubey J. Coccidia and other protozoa. In: Straw BE, et al editors. Diseases of swine. 9th ed. Ames, Iowa, USA: Iowa State University; 2005:861–873.
Farkas R, Szeidemann Z, Majoros G. Prevalence and geographical distribution of Isosporosis in swine farms of Hungary [abstract]. In: Proc 18th IPVS Congress, Hamburg, Germany. 2004:314.
Meyer C, Joachim A, Daugschies A. Ocurrence of Isospora suis in larger piglet production units and on specialized piglet rearing farms. Vet Parasitol 1999;82:277–284.
Karamon J, Ziomko I, Cencek T. Prevalence of Isospora suis and Eimeria spp. in suckling piglets and sows in Poland. Vet Parasitol 2007;147:171-175.
Pinilla J, Coronado A. Prevalencia de Isospora suis en lechones criados en granjas de la región Centro – Occidental de Venezuela. Zoo Trop 2008;26(1):47-53.
Pinilla J. Prevalencia de Isospora suis en granjas porcinas intensivas ubicadas en el estado Aragua, Venezuela. Zoot Trop 2009;27(2):1-9.
Driesen SJ, Carland PG, Fahy VA. Studies on preweaning piglet diarrhoea. Aust Vet J 1993;70:259263.
Otten A, Takla M, Daugshies A, Rommel M. The epizootiology and pathogenic significance of infections with Isospora suis in ten piglet production operations in Nordrhein-Westfalen. Berl Mun Tier Woch 1996;109(6-7):220-223.
Niestrath M, Takla M, Joachim A, Daugschies A. The role of Isospora suis as a pathogen in conventional piglet production in Germany. J Vet Med B 2002;49:176-180.
Hamadejova K, Vitovec J. Ocurrence of the coccidium Isospora suis in piglets. Vet Med Czech 2005;50(4):159-163.
González Y de W, De Moreno L, García G. Isospora suis en granjas con diferentes condiciones de instalaciones y manejo. Vet Trop 2000;25(2):257-265.
Cardona A, Pijoan C, Utrera V, Deen J. Prevalence of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in different parity cull sows [abstract]. In: Proc 18th IPVS Congress, Hamburg, Germany. 2002:402.
Holyoake PK. Dam parity affects the performance of nursery pigs [abstract]. In: Proc 19th IPVS Congress, Copenhagen, Denmark. 2006:149.
Klopfstein C, Farmer C, Martineau G. Diseases of the mammary glands and lactation problems. In: Straw BE, et al. editors. Diseases of swine. 8th ed. Ames, Iowa, USA: Iowa State University Press;1999:833-860.
Lafranchi E, González J, Filios S. The efficacy of butafosfan in the periparturient sow – Field trial Mexico [abstract]. In: Proc 20th IPVS Congress, Durban, South Africa. 2008:479.
Feporcina. Comportamiento del sector porcino en el 2005. Revista de Información Divulgativa. 2010;1:10-12.
Ministerio del Ambiente y Recursos Naturales Renovables (MARNR). Anuario climatológico. MARNR. Estados Aragua y Carabobo. 2015.
Rodríguez D. Estudio Seroepidemiológico de la enfermedad de Aujeszky en granjas porcinas del estado Carabobo [tesis maestría]. Maracay. Universidad Central de Venezuela; 1995.
Lohr S. Muestreo: Diseño y análisis. México: International Thomson Editores; 2000.
SASA – Aragua y Carabobo. Censo de granjas porcinas de los estados Aragua y Carabobo. En: Reportes de programa vacunación contra Fiebre Aftosa. Departamento de epidemiología. Servicio Autónomo de Sanidad Agropecuaria; 2015.
Morales G, Pino A. Parasitología cuantitativa. Fundación Fondo Editorial Acta Científica Venezolana, Caracas. 1987.
Hendrix CM. Diagnóstico parasitológico veterinario. 2da ed. Madrid, España: Editorial Harcourt Brace; 1999.
Henriksen S, Christensen J. Demonstration of Isospora suis oocysts in faecal samples. Vet Rec 1992;131:443-444.
Statistix 8. Analytical Software for Windows. USA. 2008.
Sotiraki S, Roepstorff A, Nielsen J, Maddox – Hyttel C, Enoe C, Boes J, Murrell K, Thamsborg S. Population dynamics and intra-litter transmissions patterns of Isospora suis in suckling piglets under on- farms conditions. Parasitol 2008;135(3):395-405.
Cordero del Campillo M, Hidalgo M, Díez N. Parasitosis del cerdo. Eimeriosis e Isosporosis. En: Cordero del Campillo et al. editores. Parasitología veterinaria. Madrid, España: Editorial McGraw-Hill. Interamericana; 1999:451-456.
Dubey J, Frenkel J. Extra – intestinal stages of Isospora felis and I. rivolta (Protozoa: Eimeriidae) in cats. J Protozool 1972;19:89-92.
Harleman J, Meyer R. Life cycle of Isospora suis in gnotobiotic and conventional piglets. Vet Parasitol 1984;17:27-39.
Christensen J, Henriksen S. Shedding of oocysts in piglets experimentally infected with Isospora suis. Act Vet Scand 1994;35:165-172.
Schwarz L, Worliczek H, Winkler M, Joachim A. Superinfection of sows with Cystoisospora suis ante partum leads to a milder course of cystoisosporosis in suckling piglets. Vet Parasitol 2014;204(3-4):58-168.
Schwarz L, Joachim A, Worliczek H. Transfer of Cystoisospora suis-specific colostral antibodies and their correlation with the course of neonatal porcine cystoisosporosis. Vet Parasitol 2013;197(3-4):487-497.
Shrestha A, Abd-Elfattah A, Freudenschuss B, Hinney B, Palmieri N, Ruttkowski B, Joachim A. Cystoisospora suis – A model of mammalian cystoisosporosis. Front Vet Sci 2015;2:68. Doi: 10.3389/fvets.2015.00068.
Koudela B, Kucerová S. Inmunity against Isospora suis in nursing piglets. Parasitol Res 2000;86:861-863.
Pavlovic I, Savic B, Jakic – Dimic D. Prevalence of coccidiosis in farm – farrowing conditions [abstract]. In: Proc 20th IPVS Congress, Durban, South Africa. 2008:345.
Nillson O. Isospora suis in pigs with post weaning diarrhea. Vet Rec 1988;122:310-311.
Roth JA. The system immune. In: Straw BE, et al editors. Diseases of swine. 8th ed. Ames, Iowa, USA: Iowa State University Press; 1999:799-820.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
-
Abstract855
-
PDF (Español)468
-
XML (Español)295
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
