Enzootic ataxia due to copper deficiency in captive red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Colima, Mexico

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v12i4.5750

Keywords:

Cervus elaphus, Colima, copper, enzootic ataxia, red deer

Abstract

The objective of the study was to describe a case of enzootic ataxia in a captive Cervus elaphus (red deer) associated with copper deficiency, in the state of Colima, Mexico. In July and October 2018, two female red deer aged 3 and 7 yr manifested incoordination with weakness of the hind limbs and an anatomopathological diagnosis of progressive ataxia was established. In September 2019, a 13-yr-old female showed nervous signs similar to the 2018 cases, so a blood sample was taken for serum copper measurement. The animal was euthanized for post-mortem examination and tissue samples were collected for histology, liver, kidney, forage and soil samples were also taken for copper and molybdenum measurement. The main lesions were found microscopically in spinal cord, which showed leukomalacia, demyelination, spheroid bodies and neuronal chromatolysis. The copper concentration was 2.7 in liver, 4.67 in kidney and 0.08 in serum (mg/kg DM or ppm). The Cu:Mo ratio for soil 1 was Cu 8.48; Mo 3.00; Cu:Mo 2.83:1, soil 2: Cu 9.10; Mo 3.00; Cu:Mo 3.03:1. Forage 1: Cu 6.59; Mo 7.35; Cu:Mo 0.90:1; forage 2: Cu 2.77; Mo 6.12 ± 0.61; Cu:Mo 0.45:1. Clinical signs, microscopic lesions, and low levels of Cu in serum, liver, and forage are consistent with enzootic ataxia due to primary copper deficiency. As far as known, this is the first report of enzootic ataxia in a captive red deer in Mexico.

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Author Biographies

Luis Jorge García-Márquez, Universidad de Colima. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Av. Universidad #333 Col. de las Víboras 28040, Colima, México.

Laboratorio de Patología Veterinaria de la FMVZ-U de C.

Rafael Ramírez-Romero, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia. Nuevo León, México.

Labatorio de Patología

Julio Martínez-Burnes, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia. Nuevo León, México.

Laboratorio de Patología.

Alfonso López-Mayagoitia, University of Prince Edward Island. Atlantic Veterinary College. Charlottetown, Canadá.

Pathology and Microbiology

Johnatan Alberto Ruíz-Ramírez, Universidad de Colima. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Av. Universidad #333 Col. de las Víboras 28040, Colima, México.

Laboratorio de Patología Veterinaria de la FMVZ-U de C.

Edgar Iván Loman-Zúñiga, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia. Ciudad de México, México.

Departamento de Patología.

Fernando Constantino-Casas, University of Cambridge. Department of Veterinary Medicine. Cambridge, Reino Unido

Departament of Pathology

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Published

2022-02-11

How to Cite

García-Márquez, L. J., Ramírez-Romero, R., Martínez-Burnes, J., López-Mayagoitia, A., Ruíz-Ramírez, J. A., Loman-Zúñiga, E. I., & Constantino-Casas, F. (2022). Enzootic ataxia due to copper deficiency in captive red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Colima, Mexico. Revista Mexicana De Ciencias Pecuarias, 12(4), 1326–1337. https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v12i4.5750
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