Efecto de monensina intraruminal sobre el β-hidroxibutirato, enfermedades del periparto, producción de leche y sus componentes en ganado Holstein
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v10i1.4661Palabras clave:
Monensina, Bolo intraruminal, Enfermedades, Postparto, Vaca lechera.Resumen
El objetivo fue determinar los efectos de la administración de un bolo intraruminal de liberación lenta de monensina en vacas lecheras sobre indicadores de salud y producción. El estudio se realizó en una lechería de la Región Metropolitana de Chile. Se seleccionaron 77 vacas multíparas, que a los 21 días antes de la fecha esperada de parto se asignaron al azar a un grupo tratado (n= 37) o testigo (n= 40). El grupo tratado recibió un bolo de monensina que libera 335 mg/día por aproximadamente 95 días. Se estudiaron la presencia de fiebre (t°≥39.5 °C), incidencia de enfermedades del postparto, concentraciones de β-hidroxibutirato (BHB) en sangre, y la condición corporal desde los 21 días preparto hasta los 21 días post-parto. También se comparó la producción y composición de leche y la cuenta de células somáticas (CCS) durante el posparto. Las concentraciones de BHB en sangre fueron similares entre ambos grupos (P>0.05). Tampoco se detectaron diferencias en la incidencia de cetosis, temperatura corporal (fiebre), metritis puerperal, retención de membranas fetales; excepto endometritis, donde se observó una tendencia a presentarse una menor incidencia en el grupo tratado vs testigo. La monensina no mejoró significativamente la producción de leche, ni el contenido de grasa o la CCS, salvo un mayor nivel de porcentaje de proteína durante la primera semana postparto en favor del grupo tratado. Las vacas tratadas tuvieron una menor pérdida de condición corporal (P<0.05) entre el parto y los 21 días post parto, que vacas testigo.
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