Almacenes de carbono aéreo y en suelos en sistemas agroforestales, pastizal y bosque mesófilo de montaña en Veracruz, México
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v17i1.6886Palabras clave:
Cambio climático, Dióxido de carbono, Agroforestería, MultifuncionalidadResumen
Los sistemas agroforestales son una opción viable para mitigar el cambio climático al fomentar el almacén de carbono (C) en la biomasa y el suelo. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue comparar el almacenamiento de C en sistemas silvopastoriles (SSP), bancos de forraje (BF), potreros convencionales (PC), sistemas agroforestales de café (SAC) y bosque mesófilo de montaña (BMM) en el centro de Veracruz, México. La cuantificación de carbono se realizó mediante ecuaciones alométricas para el reservorio árboles y arbustos, y de colecta y procesamiento de muestras para los reservorios herbáceas, hojarasca. Se determinó el carbono orgánico del suelo (COS) a tres profundidades (0-10, 10-20, 20-30 cm). Los datos se compararon mediante un análisis de varianza para un diseño completamente al azar y pruebas de medias múltiple (P<0.05). Como resultado se encontró que el sistema BMM registra el mayor contenido total de C con 473.62 MgC ha-1, seguido del sistema SAC con 160.98 MgC. De los sistemas pecuarios se observa el mayor contenido total de C en los sistemas BF y SSP con 112.15 y 100.5 MgC ha-1, respectivamente. En el reservorio suelo se registró un rango de 63.43 a 127.35 MgC entre los sistemas evaluados. Los resultados contribuyen como una base para orientar incentivos de captura de carbono a los productores que implementan sistemas agroforestales en sus parcelas, y a quienes tienen áreas de conservación del bosque nativo de la región.
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