Linfadenitis caseosa: factores de virulencia, patogénesis y vacunas. Revisión
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v12i4.5699Palabras clave:
linfadenitis caseosa, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, factores de virulencia, patogénesis, vacunasResumen
La linfadenitis caseosa es una enfermedad que afecta la producción ovina y caprina a nivel mundial. El agente etiológico es una bacteria Gram positiva, intracelular facultativa denominada Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis biovar ovis. La enfermedad puede cursar con un desarrollo cutáneo o visceral, provocando deterioro en la condición física del animal, así como pérdidas en la producción de leche y carne, decomiso de las canales, rechazo de las pieles y como consecuencia, grandes pérdidas económicas. El estudio de los factores de virulencia y los mecanismos de patogénesis han permitido comprender esta enfermedad, así como establecer las moléculas diana para el desarrollo de nuevas vacunas. Existen vacunas comerciales disponibles a nivel mundial; sin embargo, la protección conferida por éstas no ha sido eficaz en el control de la enfermedad. Actualmente el uso de nuevas tecnologías ha permitido la obtención y caracterización de proteínas con potencial inmunogénico para el desarrollado de nuevas vacunas, las cuales podrían ser una alternativa para incrementar la protección. En el presente trabajo se exponen los principales factores de virulencia de Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, sus implicaciones en la patogénesis y las tendencias actuales en las formulaciones vacunales.
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