Detección molecular de coronavirus bovino asociado al complejo respiratorio bovino en ganado de engorda del valle de Mexicali, Baja California, México

Carolina Orozco-Cabrera; Gilberto López-Valencia; Luis Mario Muñoz-Del Real; Soila Maribel Gaxiola-Camacho; Nohemí Castro-del Campo; Sergio Arturo Cueto-González; José Guadalupe Guerrero-Velázquez; Kattya Moreno-Torres; Kelvin Orlando Espinoza-Blandón; Sergio Daniel Gómez-Gómez; Enrique Trasviña-Muñoz; Francisco Javier Monge-Navarro

doi:10.22319/rmcp.v11i4.5137

Detección molecular de coronavirus bovino asociado al complejo respiratorio bovino en ganado de engorda del valle de Mexicali, Baja California, México

Carolina Orozco-Cabrera, Gilberto López-Valencia, Luis Mario Muñoz-Del Real, Soila Maribel Gaxiola-Camacho, Nohemí Castro-del Campo, Sergio Arturo Cueto-González, José Guadalupe Guerrero-Velázquez, Kattya Moreno-Torres, Kelvin Orlando Espinoza-Blandón, Sergio Daniel Gómez-Gómez, Enrique Trasviña-Muñoz, Francisco Javier Monge-Navarro

Resumen

El complejo respiratorio bovino (CRB) es la principal causa de enfermedad y muerte en el ganado de engorda en todo el mundo. Es un síndrome infeccioso multifactorial provocado por distintos virus y bacterias que disminuyen la eficiencia productiva y ocasionan pérdidas económicas. En México, el CRB se ha reportado en todas las regiones donde se engorda ganado; sin embargo, esos reportes carecen de información sobre la presencia del coronavirus respiratorio bovino (CVB), haciendo necesario contar con herramientas de diagnóstico confiables y precisas para detectar la presencia de CVB en el ganado que se engorda en México, para proponer las medidas sanitarias apropiadas para su manejo clínico. En este trabajo, se desarrolló una plataforma de diagnóstico molecular de PCR en tiempo real (rt-PCR) que amplifica un fragmento de la proteína S del CVB en muestras de exudado nasal. Al aplicar la plataforma rt-PCR para CVB en bovinos de engorda en aparente estado de salud y con signos de enfermedad respiratoria asociados a CRB se encontró que 19/50 (38 %) resultaron positivos, confirmando la presencia de ese virus en el ganado de la región. Los resultados de este trabajo significan el primer reporte sobre la presencia del CVB asociado al CRB en la región ganadera del noroeste de México y sienta las bases para futuras investigaciones sobre papel que juega este virus en la presentación de la patología del CRB en los sistemas de explotación de bovinos de engorda en nuestra región y el país.

Palabras clave

Coronavirus respiratorio bovino; Complejo respiratorio bovino; PCR; Proteína S; Bovinos de engorda

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v11i4.5137

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