Implicaciones, tendencias y perspectivas del transporte de larga distancia en el ganado bovino. Revisión
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v11i2.4767Palabras clave:
Bienestar animal, Transportes de larga distancia, Bos indicus, Bos taurus, Calidad de carneResumen
El creciente comercio internacional, el crecimiento poblacional y su consecuente demanda de proteínas de origen animal en los países en vías de desarrollo y emergentes, han dado lugar a un considerable aumento en el número de animales criados, transportados y procesados en todo el mundo. Esto ha derivado en un aumento de la distancia recorrida y el tiempo de viaje, estimulando ciertas mejoras en la infraestructura ganadera; camiones con mayor autonomía; capacidad de carga y adaptados a las necesidades biológicas de los animales; reducción de costos de operación; y liberalización de restricciones zoosanitarias que facilitan el comercio internacional. La presente revisión hace un análisis pormenorizado y actualizado del transporte de larga distancia con una visión de conjunto. Si se toma en cuenta que la tendencia actual es aumentar el tiempo del transporte, escalas logísticas y transportes mixtos, es necesario desarrollar sistemas de evaluación y toma de decisiones con herramientas y protocolos que minimicen el coste biológico en el ganado bovino.
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