Síndrome de depresión de grasa láctea provocado por el isómero trans-10, cis-12 del ácido linoleico conjugado en vacas lactantes. Revisión
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v9i3.4337Palabras clave:
Ácidos grasos, Síntesis de grasa, Biohidrogenación, Industria lechera.Resumen
El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica fue discutir el efecto del isómero trans-10, cis-12 del ácido linoleico conjugado (ALC) en el síndrome de depresión de grasa láctea (SDGL) en vacas, caracterizado por reducir hasta en 50.0 % la concentración de grasa en leche. Este síndrome causa menor rendimiento de derivados lácteos, por lo que el productor recibe menor pago por la leche. Diversas teorías explican la presencia del SDGL, siendo la biohidrogenación la mejor sustentada, donde establece que baja proporción de fibra detergente neutro o alta inclusión de ácidos grasos (AG) insaturados en la dieta de vacas lactantes propician alteraciones en la biohidrogenación ruminal. Ello da origen a mayor producción de AG trans, que inhiben enzimas necesarias para la síntesis de AG en glándula mamaria. El isómero trans-10, cis-12 ALC es uno de los principales responsables de la presencia del SDGL, cuyo mecanismo de acción no es claro aún, pero se sabe que dicho isómero suprime factores de transcripción que regulan la síntesis de grasa en leche.
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